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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(2): 103-106, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989399

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To report our initial experience in the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis with accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking. Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with Acanthamoeba keratitis with progressive corneal melting who were treated with accelerated collagen cross-linking. Results: A total of 6 eyes (5 patients) were reviewed. All the patients received adjuvant therapy with moxifloxacin and chlorhexidine. In 4 cases, the ulcer healed with a mean interval to epithelialization of 108.8 days (range 59-217). In 2 eyes, there was a persistent neurotrophic ulcer. The melting was not progressive in any case, nor did any eye required emergency penetrating keratoplasy. Conclusion: This study suggests a beneficial effect of accelerated collagen cross-linking in cases of Acanthamoeba keratitis with corneal melting. Thus, collagen cross-linking may be considered as adjuvant treatment for Acanthamoeba keratitis.


RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar nossa experiência inicial no tra tamento da ceratite por Acanthamoeba com reticulação acelerada de colágeno corneano. Métodos: Revisão retrospectiva de prontuários de pacientes diagnosticados com ceratite por Acanthamoeba, com deformação progressiva da córnea, tratados com reticulação acelerada de colágeno. Resultados: Seis olhos (5 pacientes) foram incluídos. Todos os pacientes receberam terapia adjuvante com moxifloxacina e clorexidina. Em 4 casos, a úlcera cicatrizou com uma média de epitelização de 108,8 dias (amplitude de 59-217 dias). Em dois pacientes, a úlcera apresentou um comportamento neurotrófico. A deformação não foi progressiva em nenhum dos pacientes e nenhum dos olhos exigiu ceratoplastia penetrante de emergência. Conclusão: Este estudo sugeriu um efeito benéfico da reticulação acelerada de colágeno em casos de ceratite por Acanthamoeba infecciosa com deformação corneal. A reticulação de colágeno parece ser uma alternativa coadjuvante possível para casos de ceratite por Acanthamoeba.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Riboflavin/therapeutic use , Ultraviolet Therapy/methods , Acanthamoeba Keratitis/therapy , Collagen/metabolism , Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use , Cross-Linking Reagents/therapeutic use , Acanthamoeba Keratitis/metabolism , Corneal Ulcer/metabolism , Corneal Ulcer/therapy , Follow-Up Studies , Collagen/drug effects , Collagen/radiation effects , Cornea/drug effects , Cornea/radiation effects , Cornea/metabolism
2.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 75(2): 84-88, Mar.-Apr. 2016. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-779965

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar a segurança e eficácia do cross-linking corneano (CXL) em pacientes de 9 a 14 anos de idade com ceratocone progressivo. Métodos: Dezesseis olhos de onze pacientes (8 homens e 3 mulheres) com ceratocone progressivo foram submetidos ao CXL, de acordo com o protocolo padrão de Dresden. A média do tempo de seguimento foi de 26 meses (variando de 12 a 60 meses). Os exames pré e pós-operatórios incluíram: acuidade visual sem correção (AVSC), melhor acuidade visual com correção (AVCC), topografia corneana, tonometria, refração, paquimetria corneana, e contagem de células endoteliais. Resultados: Na última visita de acompanhamento ambulatorial, a AVCC melhorou pelo menos uma linha na tabela de Snellen em 6 olhos (37,5%) e permaneceu estável em 9 olhos (56,25%). Dois olhos (12,5%) de pacientes que coçam os olhos com frequência, exigiram retratamento devido à progressão do ceratocone, 15 e 28 meses após o primeiro CXL. A refração e contagem de células endoteliais mantiveram-se estáveis. Os resultados topográficos mostraram melhora estatisticamente significativa nos valores do K máximo até dois anos após o CXL. No entanto, houve perda de significância ao longo do tempo. Nenhuma complicação peroperatória foi observada. Dois olhos (12,5%) apresentaram haze grau I, que regrediu após um mês de terapia com esteróide tópico. Conclusão: Neste estudo com pacientes selecionados, de 9 a 14 anos de idade, o CXL mostrou ser uma opção segura e eficaz para o tratamento do ceratocone progressivo. No entanto, o efeito pode não ser duradouro, podendo ser necessário um novo tratamento. Maior amostragem e maior seguimento são necessários para verificar esta tendência.


ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine the safety and efficacy of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) for progressive keratoconus in patients aged between 9 and 14 years old. Methods: Sixteen eyes of 11 patients (8 male and 3 female) with progressive keratoconus underwent epithelium-off CXL according to the standard Dresden protocol. Mean follow-up was 26 months (range, 12 to 60 months). Pre- and postoperative examinations included: uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), corneal topography, tonometry, refraction, corneal pachymetry, and endothelium cell count. Results: At the last follow-up visit, BSCVA improved by at least one Snellen line in six eyes (37.5%) and remained stable in nine eyes (56.25%). Two eyes (12.5%) in habitual eye rubbers required a re-treatment due to keratoconus progression, at 15 and 28 months after first CXL. Manifest refraction and endothelium cell count remained stable. Topographic results showed statistically significant improvement in maximum K readings up to two years after CXL. However, this lost significance over time. No intraoperative complications were observed. Two eyes (12.5%) presented grade one haze, which regressed after a month of topical steroid therapy. Conclusion: In this study of selected patients aged 9 to 14, CXL was a safe and effective option for the treatment of progressive keratoconus. However, the effect in stemming the disease may not be long lasting and may require retreatment. A larger sample size and longer follow-up time are needed to verify this trend.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Photochemotherapy/methods , Riboflavin/therapeutic use , Ultraviolet Rays , Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use , Cross-Linking Reagents/therapeutic use , Keratoconus/therapy , Visual Acuity , Collagen/radiation effects , Collagen/metabolism , Treatment Outcome , Cornea/drug effects , Cornea/radiation effects
3.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 27(4): 569-575, oct.-dic. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-746394

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: determinar las variaciones de la elevación anterior y posterior de la córnea con el tratamiento de crosslinking corneal en pacientes con queratocono en el Servicio de Córnea del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer". MÉTODOs: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, a 30 ojos de 30 pacientes con queratocono a los cuales se les realizó el crosslinking corneal. Se recogieron los datos en el preoperatorio a los 6, 12 y 24 meses. Las variables estudiadas fueron: esfera mejor ajustada anterior, elevación anterior, esfera mejor ajustada posterior y elevación posterior. RESULTADOS: la esfera mejor ajustada anterior en el preoperatorio de 7,34 mm permaneció sin diferencia significativa en el posoperatorio y la elevación anterior mostró una reducción estadísticamente significativa de 20,73 µm en el preoperatorio a 14,90 µm al año y 15,93 µm a los 2 años. La esfera de mejor ajuste posterior de 5,94 mm no sufrió modificaciones en el posoperatorio, ni la elevación posterior media de 31,80 µm. CONCLUSIONES: después del crosslinking corneal la elevación anterior disminuye y la posterior se mantiene igual.


OBJECTIVE: to determine the anterior and posterior corneal surface elevation in the corneal crosslinking surgical treatment applied to patients with keratoconus at the corneal service of "Ramón Pando Ferrer" Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology. METHODS: a retrospective and descriptive study of 30 eyes from 30 patients with progressive keratoconus who underwent the corneal collagen crosslinking. Data were collected preoperatively at 6, 12 and 24 months. The studied variables were best fit anterior sphere, anterior elevation, best posterior fit sphere and posterior corneal elevation. RESULTS: the preoperative best fit anterior sphere was 7,34 mm and there was no difference in the postoperative period. The anterior corneal surface elevation showed statistically significant reduction from 20,73 µm in the preoperative period to 14,90 µm in the first year and 15,93 µm in the second year after surgery. There was no changes either in the posterior best fit sphere of 5,94 mm or in the posterior elevation of 31,80 µm. CONCLUSIONS: after the corneal crosslinking, there is a reduction of the anterior elevation and the posterior elevation remains the same.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ultraviolet Therapy/methods , Cornea/radiation effects , Keratoconus/radiotherapy , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Observational Study
4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 73(4): 220-224, Jul-Aug/2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-730578

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Verificar índices tomográficos do pré-operatório de pacientes com ceratocone submetidos à crosslinking corneano (CXL) como fatores preditivos para a melhora na acuidade visual corrigidas (AVc) após um ano. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo que incluiu 63 olhos de 53 pacientes com ceratocone progressivo submetidos à CXL segundo o protocolo de Dresden: deseptelização corneana, riboflavina 0,1% por 30 minutos e luz ultra-violeta A (UVA) a uma irradiância de 3mW/cm2 por 30 minutos. Foram avaliados exames de tomografia corneana com sistema de Scheimpflug rotacional (Pentacam, Oculus) antes do CXL e a acuidade visual corrigida antes e após a cirurgia. A análise estatística foi feita com o teste de Kolmorov-Smirnov, teste t de student e curvas de característica operador-receptor (ROC). Resultados: Houve diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,05) entre os pacientes que obtiveram melhora de AVc em um ano e os que não experimentaram melhora na AVc nesse período nos índices tomográficos pré-operatórios relacionados com espessura e volume corneano. Entre os pacientes que obtiveram melhora na AVc todos possuíam volume corneano em 6,0mm maior que 14,55mm3 e 97,2% deles possuíam volume corneano em 6,5mm maior que 17,76mm3. Assim como, 94,29% desses pacientes apresentavam paquimetria média em 4,0mm maior que 487 μm e 82,86% paquimetria no ponto mais fino maior de 421 μm. Conclusão: Pacientes com ceratocone menos avançado (volume e espessura da córnea maiores) no período pré-operatório obtiveram mais chances de ter melhora da AVc um ano após CXL. Estudos prospectivos envolvendo outras variáveis relacionadas com a aberrometria total e o estudo biomecânico da córnea são relevantes para se aumentar a capacidade prognóstica do resultado após CXL. .


Purpose: To verify pre-operative tomographic indices as predictive parameters for the improvement in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in one year after corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) procedure for keratoconus. Methods: Retrospective study that included 63 eyes of 53 patients with progressive keratoconus submitted to CXL following the Dresden’s protocol: topical anesthesia, 9.0 mm of epithelial abrasion, riboflavin 0.1% drops for 30 minutes and ultraviolet-light A (UVA) with an irradiance of 3mW/cm2 for 30 minutes. Corneal tomography taken by Scheimplug rotational system (Pentacam, Oculus) before CXL was evaluated along with pre and 1 year post-operative BCVA. Statistical analysis was accomplished with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, student’s t-test and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: There were statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between patients who improved BCVA in one year after CXL and those who did not experienced improvement in BCVA in the same period of time in the pre-operative tomographic indices related to corneal volume and thickness. Among those who had its BCVA improved all of them had a corneal volume in 6.0mm grater then 14.55mm3 and 97.2% of them had corneal volume in 6.5mm grater then 17.76mm3. So with 94.29% of them hadthickness in 4.0mm grater then 487μm and 82.86% had thickness on the thinnest point grater then 421μm. Conclusion: Patients with less advanced keratoconus (grater corneal volume and thickness) in the pre-operative had more chances to improve its BCVA in one year after CXL. Prospective studies involving others variables related to total aberrometry and corneal biomechanics are relevant to increase the prognostic capability of CXL result. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Riboflavin/therapeutic use , Ultraviolet Rays , Cross-Linking Reagents , Keratoconus/therapy , Preoperative Care , Retrospective Studies , Collagen/radiation effects , Collagen/metabolism , Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use , Cornea/drug effects , Cornea/radiation effects , Cornea/metabolism , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Keratoconus/physiopathology , Keratoconus/metabolism
5.
Egyptian Journal of Histology [The]. 2007; 30 (1): 37-48
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-82305

ABSTRACT

The human eye might be subjected to repeated exposure to ultraviolet radiation [UVR] either during a single day or over a longer period of time. It is known that the cortical epithelium strongly absorbs UVR. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective role of corneal epithelium against the effect of UVB radiation on corneas of albino rabbits in comparison with that on de-epithelialized corneas. Sixteen adult female New Zealand albino rabbits [3-3.5 Kg] were divided into 4 groups, 4 rabbits each. Group I served as control. Group II served also as control, but their corneas underwent manual de-. In group III, corneas were exposed to UVB irradiation, peaked at 3l2nm as a single dose [3.12J/cm2] for 30 minutes. In group IV corneas underwent manual de-epithelialization. 5 minutes prior to UVB exposure. All animals were sacrificed after 48 hours, and the corneas were removed and processed for histological and transmission electron microscopic study. The histological results of group III revealed that the corneas had slight edema and the keratocytes in the outer stroma appeared to be affected. Ultrastructural evaluation of this group showed affected epithelial cells and the keratocytes revealed early apoptotic changes like chromatin condensation. Results of group IV showed that the stromal damage was deeper and more extensive. The keratocytes had been markedly affected in the entire thickness and there was thinning out of Descemet's membrane. Ultrastructurally, the keratocytes showed chromatin condensation, fragmentation and cell shrinkage. Disorganized collagen lamellae were also seen. It was concluded that the removal of the corneal epithelium makes the underlying ocular structures-more susceptible to damage by UVB in the 312nm range. Further studies are needed to investigate whether the corneal epithelium has protective properties against UVB at other wavelengths


Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Cornea/ultrastructure , Microscopy, Electron , Protective Agents , Epithelium, Corneal , Keratinocytes , Rabbits , Models, Animal , Cornea/radiation effects
6.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 68(4): 451-456, jul.-ago. 2005. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-417783

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Verificar as alterações topográficas em córneas de olhos suínos enucleados após aplicações de radiofreqüência. MÉTODOS: Foi utilizado um protótipo produtor de radiofreqüência, com 10 diferentes possibilidades de potência. Para cada potência foram utilizados 10 olhos de porco enucleados que foram topografados pré e pós-aplicação de radiofreqüência seguindo nomograma com 8 pontos na primeira fase, 16 pontos na segunda fase, e 24 pontos na terceira fase, somando 3 fases para cada olho, num total de 300 aplicações e 400 topografias. RESULTADOS:Ocorreram variações da curvatura corneana após as aplicações de radiofreqüência para todas as potências utilizadas, demonstradas pela variação das médias de KM (dioptria mínima) inicial e KM final (35,78 e 37,37, respectivamente) com uma variação de 1,59 dioptrias (p< 0,001). A potência que apresentou maior regularidade foi de 0,625W/s (65ºC). CONCLUSAO: Os valores topográficos obtidos demonstram que na média houve aumento da curvatura corneana central após aplicação de radiofreqüência em olhos de porco enucleados, e que quanto maior a energia utilizada e maior número de aplicações, maior foi o encurvamento corneano, porém não respeitando um padrão homogêneo.


Subject(s)
Animals , Corneal Topography , Cornea/radiation effects , Refractive Errors/therapy , Radio Waves/therapeutic use , Cornea/physiopathology , Disease Models, Animal , Eye Enucleation , Swine , Treatment Outcome
7.
SJO-Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology. 1994; 8 (1): 37-9
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-35372

ABSTRACT

We report the findings in an of eye a patient who, in 1980, underwent excision of a pterygium three times in the one year. The second and third operation were followed by beta irradiation. The 3600 cGy applied in two overlapping fields during the second of these irradiations had resulted in 7200 cGy being applied near the nasal limbus, which is where the most severe changes were seen. These consisted of corneal thinning [thickness estimated to be < 40% of normal] near the limbus at 3 o'clock, and scleral necrosis adjacently, permitting uveal tissue to shine through. A large, elevated and calcified plaque covered the nasal part of the rest of the sclera, right up to the caruncle. Vision in this eye was reduced to hand movements, mainly due to corneal scarring and immature senile cataract


Subject(s)
Male , Beta Particles/statistics & numerical data , Cornea/radiation effects , Sclera/radiation effects , Radiation/methods , Pterygium/radiotherapy
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